Chandigarh, Feb 19: The Islamic holy month of Ramadan has commenced across the globe, with the start date varying by region based on the traditional sighting of the crescent moon. In Saudi Arabia and the majority of Gulf nations, the first day of fasting was observed on Wednesday, February 18, 2026. Conversely, in India, Pakistan, and several other South Asian and Western countries, the month began on Thursday, February 19, after the moon was sighted on Wednesday evening.
Islamic authorities affirmed that the variation in start dates is a standard occurrence in the lunar-based Hijri calendar. They stated that while astronomical calculations provide a predicted window, the official declaration in most regions remains dependent on the physical observation of the “Hilal,” or new moon.
Ramadan is the ninth month of the Islamic calendar and is regarded as the holiest time of the year for Muslims worldwide. It commemorates the period when the first verses of the Quran were revealed to the Prophet Muhammad. Beyond the physical act of fasting, the month is declared a time for spiritual rejuvenation, increased devotion, and heightened self-discipline.
Observers maintained that the essence of the month lies in “Taqwa,” or God-consciousness. By withdrawing from physical needs during daylight hours, practitioners aim to focus on their spiritual growth and strengthen their relationship with the divine.
The daily routine during Ramadan centers on two main meals. The “Suhoor” is a pre-dawn meal consumed before the first light of day, while the “Iftar” is the meal that breaks the fast at sunset. Traditionally, the fast is broken with dates and water, following the practice of the Prophet.
Community and charity are central themes throughout the month. Many Muslims participate in “Tarawih,” which are special congregational prayers held at mosques every night. Families and friends frequently gather for Iftar, and there is a significant focus on “Zakat” (almsgiving) to support those in need within the community.
Fasting (Sawm) is one of the Five Pillars of Islam and is mandatory for all healthy, adult Muslims. The core requirements include:
Abstinence: Complete avoidance of eating, drinking (including water), smoking, and marital relations from dawn until sunset.
Behavioral Discipline: Refraining from speech or actions that are considered sinful, such as lying, gossiping, or displays of anger.
Intention (Niyyah): Making a sincere internal commitment each day to perform the fast for the sake of God.
Authorities noted that Islam provides clear exemptions to ensure the practice does not cause undue harm. Those exempt from fasting include young children, the elderly, individuals with physical or mental illnesses, and women who are pregnant, breastfeeding, or menstruating. Additionally, travelers are permitted to postpone their fasts, provided they make up the missed days at a later date.
Ramadan will last for either 29 or 30 days, ending with the sighting of the next crescent moon which signals the start of the month of Shawwal. This transition is celebrated with “Eid al-Fitr,” the Festival of Breaking the Fast, a major holiday marked by communal prayers, festive meals, and the exchange of gifts.
